Art Critique (-) Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Art Critique (-) - Research Paper Example d in pale green and with a colorful African scarf draped around her neck, holds a white cracked ceramic mask in her hands and rests one arm on the table in front of her. On the table are three tarot cards representing lynchings with the Hanged Man card, Civil Rights with the Justice card and perseverance with the Strength card. The strength of the composition rests in the line of sight of the characters which both freeze the eye within the frame and refuse to engage with the viewer personally. Color also contributes to the painting’s effectiveness as the limited color on the tarot cards continuously direct the eye to the center of the image where the colorful dress and scarf of the woman stand in sharp contrast to the white of the man’s T-shirt without blending into the muted tans of the background. These pastel-like shades provide a muted feel to the work which helps to highlight the emotions of the people depicted, both of whom feel it necessary to maintain a hold on the white mask that enables them to move in mainstream society. The symbolism apparent in the piece is clear to those with knowledge or curiosity to examine the cards on the table and to understand the condition of people of color within a majority white society. The chasm in the background communicates a vast hurdle to overcom e before the prediction of justice found in the cards on the table comes to pass. However, the strength depicted in these characters and the cracks in the mask suggest this is not a condition that can last long nor is it one that will break the spirits of these people. By examining a series of artworks created by Valerie Winslow, it becomes clear that the artist has a very strong introspective approach to her work. This is revealed in the very detailed depictions of human anatomy she has created as well as in the brooding attitudes of the characters in her more imaginative paintings. Her inclusion of a number of symbols within her paintings further indicates a strong

Use of Intelligence in World War II Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Use of Intelligence in World War II - Essay Example The Second World War was the most extensive war that history documents spanning six years (Inaba, 2008). The war started in 1939 and ended in 1945 involving vast global nations that later formed Allies and Axis, two antagonizing military alliances (Caruana & Rockoff, 2007). Intelligence played a significant role towards the success of the attacks that the antagonizing alliances launched against each other. Intelligence implies the gathering, analysis and application of knowledge to offer guidance and direction to a military alliance. The research herein presents the use and significance of intelligence during the Second World War. Similar to the Allies, the Germans’ success attributes to their communications intelligence (Guglielmo, 2008). The nation established listening posts in Spain and traded cipher information with Italy, Japan, Hungary, and Finland. Germany broke ciphers of all the nations with an exception to the Soviet Union. The American military attachà © in Cairo was their lieutenant general Erwin Rommel’s reliable source of information in North Africa. The reports and code-breaking intelligence helped the German navy to know the exact locations of British ships prior to their 1940 Norway invasion (Blewett, 2000). Besides, Germans had the knowledge of intercepting sensitive communications. he nation’s radio intelligence post in the Netherlands monitored and timely descrambled the radiotelephone conversation between Franklin Roosevelt, American President, and Winston Churchill, British Prime Minister.

Integration of Wifi and Inertial Navigation Systems

Integration of Wifi and Inertial Navigation Systems Advanced Integration of Wifi and Inertial Navigation Systems For Indoor Mobile Positioning Mohamad Zakwan Bin Zulkifle Abstract Advanced Integration of Wifi and Inertial Navigation Systems For Indoor Mobile Positioning have been widely use with the development of the technology nowadays. This paper represents about the study of how the advanced integration of wifi and inertial navigation system for mobile indoor positioning works. Also, this article present about an indoor positioning and orientation system, which optimize the user mobility in closed spaces. This technology employs a location codes system. It is a simple and inexpensive solution to obtain the indoor location and orientation. Thus, make the user easy to navigate indoor without hesitation and many device to carry on with them. Materials and Methods In inertial navigation systems, localization/introduction estimation is source-independent. The clients position is figured in connection to a known beginning position utilizing a dead reckoning algorithm. The entire system makes utilization of the previously mentioned sensors: accelerometers are utilized to figure the distance travelled and the gyroscopes/magnetic compass to focus the direction. The uncertainty in the evaluated position develops with time from the initial known beginning position since the errors presented by assessing the user/object movements are additive, expanding the total inaccuracy. This requests for an occasional recalibration of the systems to decrease the cumulative error. The idea of solid inner position (see Figure 1 for premise framework construction modeling) concerning restriction in all surroundings. Typically, it needs a different sensors, positioning stands with alternate signal, movement sensor, and natural attributes. Figure 1. Fundamental System Architecture of Robust Indoor Positioning on Mobile Sensing Platform This can increment by utilizing three-dimensional (3d) mapping, setting awareness and participation between users. Constancy is amplified by harvesting. However much data from the nature as could be expected and after that picks the most dependable characters for deciding the position. As indicated by Figure 1, a sound framework, a closed position by and large comprise of three (3) sub framework, called subsystems field, subsystem interfaces, and database subsystem. Under ordinary conditions, the transmitter will dependably proceed distribute their signs in scope. Any gadget which is outfitted with exceptional sensors inside extent they will get signals. The sign got by then will be transformed by a focal handling unit (where the calculation introduced position), before it is contrasted and estimation information in information source. At last, the yield mapping the framework shows area on the screen of a cell phone. To estimate location in a cellular network, it can be used successfully by several techniques which are : Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) Bluetooth Ultra-wideband (UWB) Ultrasound Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Hybrid Technologies QR scanning method To explore on indoor situations, it is important to have all the indoor space data at one time handled, to compute all conceivable courses. Contingent upon the degree of the earth, or the intricacy of these, there will be pretty much area labels that relate to the position of the marks. Those area marks will be deliberately dispersed everywhere, when the client filters any area tag, the frameworks will demonstrate their current position and will manage him/her regulated to their destinations. This system lives up to expectations with any cell phone or tablet, regardless of the fact that the cell phone have any cam, just by entering the URL which shows up other than the QR code. Expected Outcomes Outcomes expected from this is : The advanced integration of wifi and internal navigation systems for indoor mobile positioning full have been use as the technology have been applied widely in our daily life along with the advancement in this globalization era. The advantage and effectiveness of utilizing the floor arrangement based vision route systems to enhance the indoor positioning accuracy and unwavering quality. These proposed systems can give satisfactory indoor positions in different situations with incredible performance consistency. The intial position exactness is critical to focus the region of interest. Incorporating sensors, for example, accelerometer, gyrocsope will essentially enhances the current starting position exactness by Wi-Fi, which is several meters. Precision of initial positions wont just quicken the matching speed additionally enhance the matching dependability. Our pedometer calculation can be consolidated with sense of self movement from the smartphone camera to yield a more precise dead reckoning system. The main concern is that the preview frames would be slightly obscured when users begin their walk. Picture adjustment calculations exist that can fix this issue up to a certain extent. Research Timetables : Milestone Conclusion: Significance of the Study Advanced Integration of Wifi and Inertial Navigation Systems For Indoor Mobile Positioning is vigorously developing technology that are being implanted in many subjects. This advancement of technology is a glory for nowadays technology. With the advancement, people nowadays can plan their path and their shopping style smoothly. They don’t have to be stress if they accidentally overshoot the place they want to layover because they can plan it before they begin their walk. Because of this, the indoor positioning system by using the WLAN and FM Radio function inside a cellular telephone has been proposed, since the cell phone is an individual gadget which is utilized by the vast majority. The posotioning method was exchanged focused around sort of environment so as to guarantee the robustness of the indoor positioning system. Reference Oliver Woodman. Pedestrian localisation for indoor environments. PhD thesis, St Catharines College, 2010. L. Escobà ©s, â€Å"Summary of the State of the Art in indoor location systems,† no. December, pp. 1–3, 2009. U. Rueppel and K. Stuebbe, â€Å"BIM-Based Indoor-Emergency- Navigation-System for Complex Buildings,† Tsinghua Science Technology, vol. 13, no. October, pp. 362–367, Oct. 2008. H. M. Khoury and V. R. Kamat, â€Å"Evaluation of position tracking technologies for user localization in indoor construction environments,† Automation in Construction, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 444–457, Jul. 2009. Abhijit Chandgadkar, An Indoor Navigation System For Smartphones, June 18, 2013. Bei Huang, Floor Plan Based Indoor Vision Navigation Using Smart Device, July 2013 Marzieh Jalal Abadi, Luca Luceri, Mahbub Hassan, Chun Tung Chou, Monica Nicoli, A Collaborative Approach to Heading Estimationfor Smartphone-based PDR Indoor Localisation. Wan Mohd Yaakob Wan Bejuri and Mohd Murtadha Mohamad, Wireless LAN/FM Radio-based Robust Mobile Indoor Positioning: An Initial Outcome, International Journal of Software Engineering and Its Applications Vol.8, No.2 (2014), pp.313-324 Josà © Antonio Puà ©rtolas Montaà ±Ãƒ ©s, Adriana Mendoza Rodrà ­guez, Ivà ¡n Sanz Prieto, Smart Indoor Positioning/Location and Navigation: A Lightweight Approach,2013 Yuan Xu, Xiyuan Chen and Qinghua Li, Autonomous Integrated Navigation for Indoor Robots Utilizing On-Line Iterated Extended Rauch-Tung-Striebel Smoothing,2013 Oliver J. Woodman, An introduction to inertial navigation, August 2007. Hui Wang, Henning Lenz, Andrei Szabo, Joachim Bamberger and Uwe D. Hanebeck, Enhancing the Map Usage for Indoor Location-Aware Systems. Nisarg Kothari, Balajee Kannan and M. Bernardine Dias, Robust Indoor Localization on a Commercial Smart-Phone, August, 2011. Jussi Collin, INDOOR POSITIONING SYSTEM USING ACCELEROMETRY AND HIGH ACCURACY HEADING SENSORS, September 9-12, 2003, The Institute of Navigation. Saurabh Taneja, Burcu Akinci, James H. Garrett, Lucio Soibelman, Bill East, BIM-BASED HYBRID INERTIAL POSITIONING FOR FACILITY OPERATIONS SUPPORT,Oktober 2011 [Type text]

Comparing Poems First Love, Amen and Porphyrias Lover :: English Literature

Comparing Poems First Love, Amen and Porphyrias Lover First love is a poem describing when a man falls in love for the first time. This poem is very well worded, with similes and adjectives. It describes how love takes over everything; your mind, your body, your soul. It hits you like a bullet, and stops you dead. â€Å"I ne’er was stuck before that hour with love so sudden and so sweet.† The poet describes at the beginning how he first noticed the woman’s beauty, and how at each second he gazed at her, the more mesmerising she became. â€Å"Her face it bloomed like a sweet flower and stole my heart away complete.† In a way, I think that the poet is trying to convince us that love is capable at first sight. He uses clever words and phrasing to make sure we are convinced. Still in the first stanza, he describes how the sighed of this woman froze him in his tracks. His muscles tensed, and his face lost colour. â€Å"My face turned pale as deadly pale, my legs refused to walk away.† Love drew him to a stop. In a way, that’s what I think the poet is trying to do. He’s trying to draw a picture of the uncomfortable feelings etc. I also think he’s done a good job. In the second stanza, it explains what happened after he looked away. He described it as he could not see anything, as the love had covered his eyes. He also explains how the blood suddenly rushes back into his face. â€Å"And then my blood rushed to my face and I took my sight away. The trees and bushed round the place seemed midnight at noonday.† In the second half of the second stanza, he talks of the joy he experienced from this sudden rush of love. He makes it that his heart began to sing. â€Å"I could not see a single thing, words from my heart did start; they spoke as chords do from the string and blood burnt around my heart.† In the last stanza, he talks about how he left his heart with her on that last day, and it never returned. â€Å"Amen† can be compared to â€Å"First Love† as more confusing and not as romantic. It is written in a different style, with different wording. Each verse starts with a question: â€Å"It is over. What is over?† â€Å"It is finished. What is finished?† â€Å"It suffices. What suffices?† It is hard to say whether this poem is about love itself, or her love for something, or even a love that she’s lost. Reading the first stanza three times made me realise the poem is about

How to Become a Crisis Hotline Volunteer

First of all, a crisis hotline is a number that one may call when they are in need of immediate emergency telephone counseling by trained volunteers. To start, you need to assess yourself; meaning to make sure all your own problems are set aside in case you come in contact with someone who has a similar situation that you have been through but isn’t resolved. Then, the training begins. You will need to learn to react under emergency situations and under pressure. You will also learn different counseling techniques, although through the hotline you will be having the person in the crisis situation be the decision-maker. You will need to have them gain your trust and be able to open up freely to you. The length of training depends on the program of which you are volunteering for. There also may be a screening/background check to make sure there is a clear record. After reviewing all of the information about volunteer program, I am actually considering on doing this. It would greatly affect my future because it will help me be able to figure out if this is something I would be able to handle and do on a daily basis. I just recently watched a movie called The Call and I was touched by it. This movie had me thinking afterwards about being put in that situation. It’s about this operator (dispatch station) and she is trying to keep this young girl calm because she has been kidnapped in the back of a trunk. She is trying to use different techniques such as asking what her favorite movie is. At one point she asked the young girl what her sign was and she said â€Å"Capricorn† and the operator responded back, â€Å"You are? I am also a Capricorn and you know what we Capricorns do? and the girl replied, â€Å"No. † The operator said, â€Å"We fight and we will fight and get you home safely. † I feel like being put in this situation, hearing those in a crisis and need immediate assistance, it would be difficult especially if something happens to them and it is way out of your control. But, then again, you could also be somebody’s hero because you were able to save them somehow-someway. This would be good for my career because it will show that I have experience in the Human Services field. Not only that, but as a volunteer.

Police Departments’ Use of Racial Profiling Essay

Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The concept and practice of racial profiling by the law enforcement agencies specifically, the police, has drawn the attention and concern of the public including the government. Racial profiling is defined as â€Å"the practice of targeting individuals for police or security interdiction, detention or other disparate treatment based primarily on their race or ethnicity in the belief that certain minority groups are more likely to engage in unlawful behavior† (Laney, 2004).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Another definition proposed by Hernandez-Murillo and Knowles is that it is a statistical discrimination as a tool to predict criminality and would search more intensely the minorities than if they were of a different race. Thus, the discretion to enforce or not enforce the laws or policies based on categories or race of people have ill effects on those individuals involved including affecting the public’s perception in a negative way (Pruitt, n.d.). It casts doubt to the legitimacy and fairness of the criminal justice system and destroys the trust of the people in the law enforcement. It creates negative stereotypes who limit efforts in attaining societal justice (Pruitt, n.d.). Moreover, besides creating erroneous perceptions about the different races, it also creates misconceptions about the police. Discrimination by a few in the police force is magnified as to be a brand label to all. This demoralizes the many who are fair and do their jobs with honor and dedication. Direct effects are seen on the targeted group, for instance African Americans and Hispanics change their driving habits because they perceived to be the target group in traffic stops (U.S. Congress, 2000). The members of the targeted group become uncooperative and develop disdain and contempt of the police (Pruitt, n.d.).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Racial profiling for some is appropriate and justified. They believe that it is a â€Å"sensible, statistically based tool that enables law enforcement to focus their energies more efficiently and it also   lowers the cost of obtaining and processing information and thus reduces the overall cost of policing† (Kennedy, 2000). They further claim that the police are justified in scrutinizing more a particular sector or race if in the place where they are assigned, the members of this sector commit a disproportionate numbers of crimes. Similarly, they scrutinize men more than women. The basis for defending racial profiling as appropriate is centered upon its being empirical and statistical. Moreover, it is claimed that racial profiling prevents crime considering that by identifying the drivers at night time would deprive a potential criminal of anonymity (Garlikov, 2000).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Those who argue against racial profiling base their dissent on constitutional and practical grounds (Kennedy, 1999). Racial distinctions are opposed mainly on the violation of the Fourteenth Amendment—the equal protection clause. Even the courts in exercise of judicial review, have applied ‘strict scrutiny’ enunciating that the use of race in government decision-making gives rise to a presumption of violation of an individual’s civil rights (Kennedy, 1999). â€Å"The use of race in governmental decision making may be upheld only if it serves a compelling government objective and only if it is ‘narrowly tailored’ to advance that objective† (Garlikov, 2000). An analysis of court decisions would reveal that disparate treatment is allowed in making stops provided that race is not the sole factor in doing this (Garlikov, 2000).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   On practical consideration, the argument against racial profiling is based on the alienation that it creates. Alienation on the part of the race singled out creates distrust and even hatred towards the police and other elements of the criminal justice system. In so doing, witnesses refuse to cooperate with the police in the investigation (Garlikov, 2000).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The different methods of research employed in racial profiling are the baseline data and the benchmark data (RCMP web site, 2007). The benchmark data, i.e. census-based data, is derived from information that one gathers by stopping drivers. The use of stop data is being employed by more or less 4,000 different agencies in the country (Lamberth, Clayton, Lamberth, Farrell and McDevitt, 2005). Benchmarking data â€Å"determines the right percentage of those stopped ought to be† (Lamberth, Clayton, Lamberth, Farrell and McDevitt, 2005). The benchmark data is compared with the stop data to find out if those stopped by the police are mostly from the minorities based on race or ethnicity. There are two kinds of benchmark data employed to respond to different issues. External benchmarking is â€Å"designed to determine what percentage of drivers in a given area â€Å"ought to be† stopped (Lamberth, Clayton, Lamberth, Farrell and McDevitt, 2005). Internal benchmarking on the other hand is a method of comparing the stop data of an officer with those of other officers who are similarly situated (Lamberth, Clayton, Lamberth, Farrell and McDevitt, 2005). This seeks to identify the differences in the stop practices of the police officers.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The baseline data or the baseline comparison data uses comparisons and statistical samplings to determine the demographics of the population. Most often the police agencies employ the services of researchers (Davis, 2001). This is preferred than the benchmark data however, it is more time consuming and it entails expense (RCMP web site, 2007).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The move to conduct racial profiling studies and in some states, investigation and inquiry into the different departments’ practices, has spurred both negative and positive impact on police officers. In a study conducted, it revealed a marked decrease in the number of arrests (Cleary, 2000). This means that focus was made on more serious offenses and therefore, searches and arrests productivity improved.   On the downside, it impacted on the police officers’ morale. Most felt that their integrity is put in issue and as a result a personal injustice to them. This reduced police aggressiveness. By and large, this caused demoralization (Cleary, 2000). Legal Perspective of Racial Profiling and Developments   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Racial profiling violates the Constitution, specifically the Amendments and federal statutes. The Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments proscribe discrimination on the part of federal, state and local law enforcement agencies. The Fourth Amendment guarantees protection against unlawful search and seizure (Cleary, 2000). It has been held by the court that traffic/vehicle stops initiated by law enforcement violates the Fourth Amendment unless there is probable cause (Wren v. U.S., 116 S. Ct. 1769 (1996). Moreover, the Court ruled that these vehicle stops are most often a pretext for a search and this circumvents the Constitutional guarantee.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It also violates federal statutes such as the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968. Any agency that receives financial assistance from the federal government is prohibited from discriminatory acts based on color, race or origin (Cleary, 2000). The Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 prohibit discriminatory acts based on color, race or origin and religion when committed by agencies receiving federal financial assistance. However, the Attorney General was given the power to prosecute those who discriminate regardless of whether they receive funding from the federal government (Cleary, 2000).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   State laws may not be as effective to prevent racial profiling (Cleary, 2000). For instance in Memphis, vehicle stops are usual because of the drug problem in that area. Its location is ideal for drug traffickers and heroine and cocaine are actually transported in private vehicles (Cleary, 2000). By reason of the public uproar, Public Chapter 910 program was launched including a proposed Senate Bill 2214 which required traffic highway patrol officer to gather data and information for every vehicle stop (Cleary, 2000).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In 2000, ‘Law Enforcement Trust and Integrity Act of 1999’ was introduced in the 106th Congress as House Bill No. 2656 (Library of Congress web site, n.d.). It seeks to amend the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 which provided among others the prevention of police misconduct and the initiation of studies to remedy issues that pervade the law enforcement agencies. It also punishes those who deprive one â€Å"of a right, privilege, or immunity secured or protected by the Constitution or laws of the United States† (Section 601 (b) (1), H.B. 2656).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Numerous bills were proposed to eliminate racial profiling and the latest of which was ‘End Racial Profiling Act of 2001. There was a hearing on this proposed bill as called for by the Senate Subcommittee on the Constitution, Federalism and Property Rights of the Judiciary Committee during the 107th Congress (Laney, 2004). It required that â€Å"any state or governmental unit that applied for funding under a covered federal program would have had to certify that program participants had effective policies and procedures to eliminate racial profiling and to stop practices that encouraged racial profiling† (Laney, 2004). The proposed bill however, failed to outline the specific disciplinary procedures for those who violated the provisions.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The House Committee on Government Reform, on the other hand proposed the use of technology to eliminate racial profiling, i.e. video technologies (Laney, 2004). In the 108th Congress, there was no hearing scheduled on racial profiling. A bill was proposed specifically, ‘End Racial Profiling Act of 2004,’ however the bill never became a law. References Cleary, W. Racial Profiling Studies in Law Enforcement: Issues and Methodology Minnesota House of Representatives 2000. Retrieved November 24, 2007, from   http://www.house.leg.state.mn.us/hrd/pubs/raceprof.pdf. Davis, R. Racial Profiling: â€Å"What Does the Data Mean?† A Practitioner’s Guide to Understanding Data Collection & Analysis. AELE Law Enforcement web site. Retrieved on November 24, 2007, from http://www.aele.org/data.html Garlikov, R. The Concept of Racial Profiling. Retrieved on November 24, 2007, from http://www.garlikov.com/philosophy/profiling.htm Hernandez-Murillo, R. and Knowles, J. â€Å"Racial profiling or racist policing: bounds test in aggregate data† International Economic Review, August 2004. House Bill No. 2656. Library of Congress. Retrieved on November 23, 2007, from http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/z?c106:H.R.2656.IH: Kennedy, R. â€Å"Suspect Policy.† The New Republic 13 Sept. 1999. Lamberth, K., Clayton, J., Lamberth, J., Farrell, A., and McDevitt, J. Practioner’s Guide for Addressing Racial Profiling. Retrieved on November 23, 2007, from http://www.lamberthconsulting.com/about-racialprofiling/documents/Report_PractitionersGuide.pdf. Laney, G., Racial Profiling: Issues and Federal Legislative Proposals and Options, CRS Report for Congress 2004. Retrieved November 23, 2007, from http://www.law.umaryland.edu/marshall/crsreports/crsdocuments/RL32231_02172004.pdf Library of Congress. â€Å"Traffic Stops Statistics Study Act of 2000.† House Report 106-517. 106 Congress 2d Session. 13 March 2000. Pruitt, T.   Ã‚  From Anecdotes to Analysis: A Look into Racial Profiling in Memphis Traffic Stops. Retrieved on November 23, 2007, from http://rhodes.edu/images/content/Academics/Tim_Pruitt.pdf. Royal Canadian Mounted Police web site 2007. Racial Profiling in the United States. Retrieved on November 23, 2007, from http://www.rcmpgrc.gc.ca/ccaps/racial_profiling_goff_e.htm